Fig. 2
From: Cerebellum and micturition: what do we know? A systematic review
The first part is a schematic representation of the lower urinary tract control showing the voiding reflex (black arrows; Sa: sacral parasympathetic; ON: Onulf nucleus) under brainstem structures in green (PAG: periaqueductal grey; PMC pontine micturition center), forebrain structures in red (SMA: supplementary motor area; dACC: dorsal anterior cingulate cortex) involved in the perception of the desire to void circuit (blue arrows) and the urgency (red arrow). Possible, unidirectional, bidirectional connections of the cerebellum with these structures are showed by purple links and arrows. The second part (below) represents different phases of micturition with the action of the cerebellum when it is known or suggested by the animal experiments, anatomo-clinical studies or the clinical urodynamics results in patients with “pure” cerebellar disorders, and its anatomical activation when it is noticed by the experimental neuroimaging studies. (Produced with the help of the figures of references [1, 39])